The energy storage industry is an important part of my country's strategic emerging industries, and the development of energy storage is also an important support method for my country to achieve energy transformation and achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. In recent years, our country has introduced a considerable number of encouragement and support policies to accelerate the rapid development of the energy storage industry and promote the large-scale progress of the industry. In terms of communication base station energy storage, industry policies focus on continuing to promote the construction of 5G base stations and improving 5G network coverage. The construction of large-scale communication infrastructure has brought about large-scale demand for communication base station energy storage batteries, providing a broad market for the development of the energy storage industry space.

1. Development status of energy storage battery industry

Generalized energy storage includes three categories: electric energy storage, thermal energy storage and hydrogen energy storage, of which electric energy storage is the most important method. Based on technical principles, electrical energy storage is divided into electrochemical energy storage, mechanical energy storage and electromagnetic energy storage. Among all types of energy storage, electrochemical energy storage with energy storage batteries as the core is currently the energy storage technology with the widest application range and the greatest development potential.

The essence of electrochemical energy storage is the use of secondary batteries to store energy. The mainstream secondary energy storage batteries are lithium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries. Among them, lithium-ion batteries dominate the field of energy storage batteries due to their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and no memory effect, and shipments have continued to increase in recent years.Based on the inherent safety and economic advantages of lead-acid energy storage batteries, lead-acid batteries still maintain strong competitiveness in specific fields such as communication base stations and data centers.

2. Energy storage battery segment industry development and demand prospect forecast

Based on application scenarios, energy storage batteries can be subdivided into communication base station energy storage batteries, data center energy storage batteries, household energy storage batteries and power energy storage batteries.

(1) Communication base station energy storage battery

Communication base stations are the most critical infrastructure in mobile communication networks. Their main function is to provide wireless coverage, that is, to realize wireless signal transmission between wired communication networks and wireless terminals. The main function of communication base station energy storage batteries is to provide power to key communication base station equipment during power outages, which plays an important role in the stable operation of communication base stations. Its market size is also directly related to the construction scale of communication base stations. It is expected that by 2030, the cumulative market demand for energy storage batteries in China's communication base stations will reach 142.7GWh.

(2) Data center energy storage battery

Data center energy storage batteries have extremely high safety requirements, and the placement space can usually be determined independently. Therefore, the requirements for battery energy density and volume are relatively flexible. Due to the high safety and low cost of lead-acid batteries, lead-acid batteries are still the most popular data center batteries. The mainstream choice in the field of central energy storage. Currently, lead-acid batteries account for more than 90% of the market share in my country's data center energy storage field, while the penetration rate of lithium-ion batteries is less than 10%. Excluding possible policy effects, lead-acid batteries are more likely to be replaced on a large scale by lithium-ion batteries in the short term. Low. Currently, new generation information technologies such as 5G, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence are developing rapidly, and the digital economy is booming. Under the national strategy of “digitizing in the east and calculating in the west”, industries related to the data center industry chain will usher in rapid development. In the future, the contribution of the digital economy to economic growth will continue to increase, and the scale of data center construction will maintain sustained and steady growth, providing a solid foundation for storage. Energy batteries provide a broad market space.

(3) Household energy storage battery

Since 2021, electricity prices in major regions around the world have risen significantly under the impact of the energy inflation crisis and geopolitical conflicts in Eastern Europe. Residents’ energy expenditure costs in some overseas countries have increased significantly. The economics of household energy storage have become prominent. Household storage represented by Europe and the United States has Market demand can rise rapidly. Domestically, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Further Improving the Time-of-Use Electricity Pricing Mechanism" in 2021, proposing to further widen the peak-valley electricity price difference, establish and improve peak electricity prices, seasonal electricity prices and other mechanisms to realize the commercial value of household energy storage in my country. Provide further space.

At present, only a few developed countries in Europe and the United States are developing relatively fast industrial and commercial energy storage. my country is still in the early stages of development, and market demand is constantly growing. Driven by both policies and demand, domestic industrial and commercial energy storage will accelerate its commercialization in the future. process, the market space is expected to be further opened. It is estimated that domestic industrial and commercial energy storage battery shipments are expected to exceed 15GWh in 2025.

(4) Electric energy storage battery

In recent years, with the continued increase in the proportion of renewable energy power generation such as photovoltaics and wind power and the continued stimulation of supportive policies, my country's power storage product shipments have shown rapid growth. In 2023, China's power energy storage lithium battery shipments will reach 167GWh, a year-on-year increase of 81.5%. Among them, the trend of large-scale power energy storage cells is obvious. The penetration rate of 280Ah square batteries in power energy storage projects will exceed 80% in 2023, and more than 30 models of large-capacity cells exceeding 300Ah have been released. It is expected that by 2025, my country's power storage lithium-ion battery shipments will reach 300.0GWh against the background of continued increase in demand for renewable energy grid connections at home and abroad.

3. Development trends of energy storage battery industry

The three major trends in the development of the energy storage battery industry are: lithium-ion batteries are developing rapidly, and market penetration is expected to further increase; lead-acid battery technology is mature, and specific application fields will still occupy a mainstream position in the short term; sodium-ion battery research has made significant progress, or It can realize the large-scale application of energy storage market.

4. Energy storage batteries have great room for growth

The booming development of new energy vehicles has fostered a relatively complete lithium battery industry chain, providing large-scale conditions for low-cost and reliable electrochemical energy storage. In addition to new energy vehicles, energy storage batteries are a blue ocean market with great room for growth.

From the perspective of energy storage application fields, the increase in the proportion of new energy power generation and power-end charging piles, 5G base stations, data centers, etc. have put forward higher demands for the power grid's adjustment capabilities and energy storage. The energy storage market is mainly communication storage. energy and electricity storage.

From the perspective of energy storage technology categories, batteries are the most efficient energy storage method. Lithium-ion batteries have excellent properties such as low pollution, high energy density, long cycle life, and high rate. As their costs gradually decline, the economics of lithium-ion batteries begin to become more prominent, and more and more new battery energy storage uses lithium-ion. Batteries, and gradually replacing existing lead-acid batteries, are increasingly used in the energy storage market.

Energy storage is an important technology and basic equipment that supports new power systems. It is of great significance in promoting green energy transformation, responding to extreme events, ensuring energy security, promoting high-quality energy development, and achieving carbon neutrality at peak carbon levels.

As the cost of lithium batteries continues to decline and energy storage application scenarios gradually mature, the domestic and foreign lithium battery energy storage markets are growing rapidly. As the global 5G commercialization speed further increases, the rise of the energy Internet drives the demand for energy storage, and the government's implementation of policies in the energy storage fields such as wind storage, solar storage, and UPS energy storage increases, the energy storage market will usher in a new era in the future. Rapid development stage.